Пыльцын Ю.С. Клянутся ложно, заключают союзы (Ос. 10:4). Съезды народов Терека и терское казачество

Пыльцын Ю.С. Клянутся ложно, заключают союзы (Ос. 10:4). Съезды народов Терека и терское казачество // Исторический вестник. 2024. Т. XLVII. С. 184–219.

Аннотация

В статье рассматривается история Съездов народов Терека – высших органов власти в Терской области в 1918 г. – и роли казачества в этих съездах. Зародившись в начале 1918 г., по инициативе именно казаков, как попытка казачества силовым путём положить конец вражде с чеченцами и ингушами, съезды прошли долгий путь и закончили свою историю интеграцией Терской области в политическое и правовое поле CCСР. Каждый съезд собирался в новой политической обстановке, но решал одни и те же важные вопросы – о мире, о земле, о власти. На эти вопросы у разных народов, сословий и партий были разные ответы. В том числе и у терского казачества.

В работе изложен ход заседаний съездов, вопросы, которые там поднимались и роль казачества – и как действующего лица съездов (особенности поведения казачьей делегации) и как объект воздействий казачьих съездов (какие решения, непосредственно затрагивавшие казачьи интересы, принимали съезды и к каким последствиям это приводило). Уделено внимание и тактики большевистской партии, которая смогла предложить политическую альтернативу казачьим предложениям и в конечной итоге сделала Съезды Народов Терека инструментом советизации области.

Ключевые слова: народы Кавказа, съезды народов Терека, Терское восстание, Терское казачество, Терская область.

Пыльцын Юрий Сергеевич – кандидат исторических наук, Ведущий научный сотрудник Научного центра «История казачества», доцент кафедры Церковной истории и филологии Екатеринбургской духовной семинарии, Первый заместитель директора по научно-методической деятельности и продвижению мультимедийного исторического парка «Россия – Моя история»

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Pyltsyn Yu.S. Swearing falsely in making a covenant (Hos. 10:4). Congress of Peoples of Terek and Terek Cossacks // Historical Reporter. 2024. Vol. 47. P. 184–219.

Abstract

In this article the author describes the story of Congress of Peoples of Terek - the highest authority of Terek region in 1918, and the role of Cossacks in it. Congresses were initially adopted by Cossacks at the beginning of 1918, as a tool to forcefully stop the conflicts with Ingushs and Chechens. These congresses came a long way and finished with the integration of Terek Region into the juridical field of USSR. Each convention was held in a new political situation, but discussed same matters - peace, land, political power. All the participants - people, political parties and estates had different opinions on those matters, including Terek Cossacks.

In this article author describes the script of those congresses, questions discussed and the role of Cossacks as proactive participants (including notes on the delegation's behaviour). The author shows what decisions concerning Cossack interests were discussed and approved with what consequences. Author also describes the tactics of Bolshevik party members who were able to produce political alternative to the Cossack ideas and eventually made Congress of Peoples of Terek into an instrument of improving Soviet power in the region.

Key Words: Congress of the Peoples of the Terek, Nations of the Caucasus, Terek Uprising, Terek Cossacks, Terek Region.

Yuri S. Pyltsyn – Ph.D. in History, Leading Researcher of the Scientific Center «History of the Cossacks», Associate Professor Department of Church History and Humanities of the Yekaterinburg Theological Seminary, First Deputy Director for Scientific and Methodological Activities and Promotion in the multimedia historical park «Russia - My History» of Ekaterinburg (Ekaterinburg, Russia).

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