Беляев Л.А., Зыков П.Л., Иоаннисян О.М., Сиренов А.В. Погребение Александра Невского во Владимире: археология почитания

Беляев Л. А., Зыков П. Л., Иоаннисян О. М., Сиренов А. В. Погребение Александра Невского во Владимире: археология почитания // Исторический вестник. 2021. Т. ХXХV. С. 76–107.

Аннотация

В статье публикуются материалы по истории некрополя при главном храме монастыря Рождества Богородицы во Владимире, где в 1263 г. был погребен князь Александр Ярославич Невский. Основная часть сведений получена в 1997–2000 гг. при раскопках остатков собора (снесен в 1930 г.). Это белокаменные саркофаги и могилы, а также остатки самого собора, построенного в 1198 г. из белого камня, и его галереи, целиком перестроенной из кирпича в XVII в. В кладке галереи была обнаружена ниша с нижней частью саркофага, возможно, служившей одной из реликвий князя после переноса его мощей в Санкт-Петербург (1722–1724). Традиционные источники, рассказывающие о судьбе погребения князя Александра в XIV—XVIII вв., рассматриваются в свете археологических данных и новых архивных документов и фотографий (в том числе - о каменных гробах, найденных при сносе собора в 1930 г.).

Ключевые слова: князь Александр Невский, погребение, Средние века, почитание реликвий, монастырская археология.

Беляев Леонид Андреевич – доктор исторических наук, член-корречпондент РАН, заведующий отделом Института археологии РАН.

Зыков Петр Леонидович – старший научный сотрудник сектора архитектурной археологии Государственного Эрмитажа, Санкт-Петербург.

Иоаннисян Олег Михайлович – кандидат исторических наук, заведующий сектором, Государственный Эрмитаж.

Сиренов Алексей Владимирович – доктор исторических наук, член-корреспондент РАН, профессор Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета.

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Belyayev L. A., Zykov P. L., Ioannisyan O. M., Sirenov A. V. The Burial of Alexander Nevsky in Vladimir: the Archaeology of the Veneration // Historical Reporter. Vol. 35. 2021. P. 76–107.

Abstract

Materials on the history of the necropolis near the principal church of the monastery of Nativity of Blessed Virgin where Prince Alexander Nevsky was buried in 1263 are published in the article. The main part of information was obtained during the excavation of the church remnants (excavations were performed in 1997-2000). The church was demolished in 1930. Archeologists discovered sarcophagi and tombs made of white stone and remnants of the very church built in 1198 of white stone and of its gallery that was rebuilt completely of bricks in the 17th century. A niche was discovered in the brickwork and contained a lower part of a sarcophagus. That served (probably) as a relic of Alexander upon his remnants transfer to Saint-Petersburg. Traditional sources telling the fate of Prince Alexander's internment are considered in light of archeological data and new archive documents and photos including photos of stone sarcophagi found during the demolition of the church in 1930.

Key words: Middle Ages, prince Alexander Nevsky, veneration of relics, monastic archeology, burial, cemetery.

Leonid A. Belyaev – D.Sc. (History), corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Department of Moscow archaeology at the Institute of Archaeology, Russian Academy of Sciences.

Peter L. Zikov – Senior Researcher at the Architectural Archeology Sector of the State Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg.

Oleg M. Ioannisyan – Ph.D., head of a sector ?, the State Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg.

Alexey V. Sirenov – D.Sc. (History) corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, professor at the Saint Petersburg State University.

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