Поликарпов В.В. Основная проблема подводных сил Российской империи

Поликарпов В. В. Основная проблема подводных сил Российской империи // Исторический вестник. 2021. Т. ХXХVIIII. С. 56–105.

Аннотация

В статье рассматривается развитие конструирования и изготовления двигателей подводных лодок, главным образом дизельных, получивших признание в качестве наиболее пригодных для подводного плавания. В литературе этот процесс освещен противоречиво. Материалы, характеризующие обстоятельства проектирования и производства дизелей на всех русских заводах, показывают, что машиностроение и металлургия страны испытывали затруднения технологического характера, не позволявшие удовлетворительно решить острейшую для действующего флота проблему. Сравнительные данные говорят о непреодоленном отставании Российской империи в подводном кораблестроении от Германии, Англии и США.

Ключевые слова: Подводные лодки, дизели, Главное управление кораблестроения, И.К. Григорович, И.Г. Бубнов, П.Ф. Вешкурцев, фирмы и заводы: «Крупп», «Виккерс», MAN, «Мотала», «Нобель», «Ноблесснер», Балтийский, Невский, Путиловский, Харьковский паровозостроительный, «Фельзер», Сормовский, Коломенский, Николаевский.

Поликарпов Владимир Васильевич – кандидат исторических наук, член Бюро Секции «История социальных реформ, движений и революций» Научного совета РАН по фундаментальным вопросам российской и зарубежной истории.

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Polikarpov V. V.Main Issue of the Submarine Forces of the Russian Empire // Historical Reporter. Vol. 39. 2021. P. 56–105.

Keywords: Submarines, Diesel engines, General Directorate of Shipbuilding, Ivan Grigorovich, Ivan Bubnov, Pyotr Veshkurtsev, Krupp, Vickers, MAN, Motala Verkstad, Nobel, Nobel & Lessner, Baltic Shipyard, Nevsky Shipyard, Putilovsky Shipyard, Kharkiv Locomotive Plant, Felzer, Krasnoye Sormovo Shipyard, Kolomna Locomotive Works, Mykolayiv Shipyard.

Abstract

This study explores the evolution of submarine engine design and production, concerning itself primarily with diesel engines, which have been widely recognised as the best engine type for submarine propulsion. Secondary scholarly literature offers highly varied views on this process. Records and sources describing diesel engine designs and manufacturing at Russian factories indicate that the country's engineering and metallurgy industry were plagued by several technical and technological issues that prevented the problem from being solved. Comparative data suggest that submarine construction in the Russian Empire was lagging behind that of Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States.

Vladimir V. Polikarpov – Candidate of Historical Sciences (Ph.D.), Member of the History of Social Reforms, Movements and Revolutions Bureau of the Research Council on Fundamental Issues of Russian and Foreign History at the Russian Academy of Sciences.

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