Конев А.Ю. Тобольский кремль: дискуссионные вопросы истории «каменного городового строения» в Сибири

Конев А.Ю.Тобольский кремль: дискуссионные вопросы истории «каменного городового строения» в Сибири// Исторический вестник.2024.Т. XLIX.С.44–61.

Аннотация

Публикация посвящена дискуссионной теме, связанной с назначением каменных крепостных сооружений, созданных в Тобольске в конце XVII—первых десятилетиях XVIII в. Автор подвергает критике оценки В.В. Кириллова и К.С. Носова, полагающих, что уже в момент строительства стен и башен Софийского двора и создания по проекту С.У. Ремезова крепости/кремля они утрачивали фортификационное значение, выполняя исключительно представительские функции и служа размещением соответствующих церковных и светских административных учреждений и служб. Анализ первоисточников, в том числе наказов и грамот тобольским воеводам, сообщений сибирских администраторов, описаний тобольской крепости путешественниками XVIII в. свидетельствует об актуальности оборонительного значения кремлевского ансамбля и соответствия его укреплений существовавшим на тот момент потенциальным угрозам.

Ключевые слова:русская архитектура XVII—XVIII вв., крепость, Сибирь, С.У. Ремезов.

Конев Алексей Юрьевич— кандидат исторических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник Института проблем освоения Севера Федерального исследовательского центра «Тюменский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук».

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Konev A.Yu.Tobolsk' Kremlin: Debatable Issues Of The Stone City Building History In Siberia // Historical Reporter. 2024. Vol. 49 P.44–61.

Abstract

The publication is devoted to a controversial topic related to the purpose of stone fortifications, created in Tobolsk in the late 17th and first decades of the 18th centuries. The author criticizes the point of view of V.V. Kirillov and K.S. Nosov, who suppose that already at the time of the construction of the walls and towers of the Sofia Courtyard and the creation according to the project of Semen Remezov fortress/kremlin they lost their fortification significance. These researchers believe that these buildings perform exclusively representative functions and serve as the location of the corresponding church and secular administrative institutions and services. Analysis of primary sources, including orders to Tobolsk voivodes, messages from Siberian administrators and the descriptions of the Tobolsk fortress by travelers of the 18th century testify to the relevance of the defensive significance of the Kremlin ensemble and the correspondence of its fortifications to the potential threats that existed at that time.

Keywords:Russian architecture of the 17th-18th centuries, fortress, Siberia, Semen Remezov, «kamennoe gorodovoe stroenie» (stone city building)

Alexey Yu. Konev— Ph.D. in History, Leading Researcher at the Institute of the Problems of Northern Development, subdivision of Federal Research Center Tyumen Scientific Center of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Tyumen Scientific Center SB RAS).

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