Брюн С.П. «Новые мелькиты»: феномен перехода миафиситов в халкидонское православие в Сирии X–XI вв
Брюн С.П. «Новые мелькиты»: феномен перехода миафиситов в халкидонское православие в Сирии X–XI вв. // Исторический вестник. 2025. Т. LI. С. 142–161.
Аннотация
Статья посвящена истории массового обращения сирийских миафиситов (сиро-яковитов) в халкидонское Православие в X-XI вв. Данный процесс был прямо инициирован светскими и церковными властями Византии в годы т.н. «ромейской реконкисты», цикла кампаний, в ходе которых империя вернула утраченные в VII столетии земли Киликии и Сирии. В рассматриваемый период имело место широкомасштабное обращение сирийских миафиситов в лоно халкидонской Церкви, проходившее во многом под гнетом репрессивных кампаний. Автор статьи проводит подробный анализ антимиафиситских гонений на территории восточных провинций Византии, прецедентов обращения в «диафиситство» высшей иерархии Сиро-яковитской Церкви, а также предлагает ввести особый термин - «новые мелькиты» для обозначения крещенных в годы «ромейской реконкисты» мусульман и принявших новую веру сиро-яковитов.
Ключевые слова: Халкидонский раскол, миафиситы, Сирийская (Сиро-яковитская) Церковь, Антиохийская Церковь, мелькиты, крещение мусульман.
Брюн Сергей Павлович – генеральный директор Новгородского государственного музея-заповедника, член редакционного совета журнала «Исторический вестник».
SPIN-код: 6611-0835
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Brun S.P. The New Melkites: The Phenomenon of Miaphysite Conversion to Chalcedonian Orthodoxy in 10th–11th century Syria // Historical Reporter. 2025. Vol. 51. P. 142–161.
Abstract
The article is dedicated to the mass conversion of Syrian Miaphysites into Chalcedonian Orthodoxy, which took place in the 10th-11th centuries. This process was initiated by the secular and ecclesiastic authorities of Byzantium during the so-called ‘Byzantine Reconquest’, a series of campaigns during which the Empire reclaimed Cilicia and northern Syria, lost to the Arabs in the 7th century. During the period in question a significant part of the Syriac Miaphysite population converted into the ‘Melkite faith’, with the conversion often taking place under the pressure of Byzantine punitive campaigns. The author provides a detailed analysis of the anti-Miaphysite campaigns in the eastern provinces of the Byzantine Empire, as well as of the precedents of Miaphysite conversion to the Chalcedonian fold (including the conversion of several hierarchs of the Syriac Church into Byzantine Orthodoxy). The article also proposes a new term ‘the New Melkites’, which is aimed and singling out and signifying the baptized Muslims and converted Syriac Miaphysites, who joined the Antiochian Orthodox Church and the eastern dioceses of the Ecumenical Patriarchate during the Byzantine Reconquest (i.e. 10th-11th centuries).
Keywords: the Chalcedonian Schism, Miaphysites, Melkites, the Syriac Orthodox Church, the Antiochian Orthodox Church, Baptism of Muslims
Sergei P. Brun — General Director of Novgorod State Museums, an Editorial Board Member of The Historical Reporter.
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