Батиев Л.В. Армянская колония на Дону по материалам «топографического и статистического описания торгового города Нахичевана в 1807 г.» Б.Б. Кампенгаузена

Батиев Л.В.Армянская колония на Дону по материалам «топографического и статистического описания торгового города Нахичевана в 1807 г.» Б.Б. Кампенгаузена// Исторический вестник. 2024. Т.XLIX. С.74–107.

Аннотация

В статье, на основании ранее не введенного в научный оборот архивного источника – первого полного описания Нахичеванской армянской колонии, составленного таганрогским градоначальником бароном Б.Б. Кампенгаузеном, – всесторонне рассматриваются организация и жизнедеятельность города Нахичевана (на Дону) и окружающих его сел, основанных в соответствии с грамотой Екатерины II армянами, переселенными из Крыма в 1778-1779 гг.

Автор статьи, вслед за составителем «Описания», анализирует состав населения колонии, его социальную (сословную) и профессиональную структуру, обеспеченность землей горожан и поселян и значение земельных владений для бюджета города. Сведения о количестве и состоянии жилых домов, лавок, магазинов, кофеен, трактиров, постоялых дворов, а также церквей и других городских общественных сооружений, характеристика городского хозяйства, водоснабжения города и его благоустройства дают достаточно полную картину жизни города. «Описание» Б.Б. Кампенгаузена доказывает, что в Нахичеване были развиты не только торговля (местная и транзитная), но и ремесло и промышленное производство (рыбные, кожевенные, кирпичные, черепичные и др. заводы). Помимо этого, рассмотрены также финансовое состояние города и организация его управления.

Ключевые слова:жители, земля, строения, промышленность, торговля, управление.

Батиев Левон Владимирович–кандидат юридических наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией политологии и права, Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки «Федеральный исследовательский центр Южный научный центр Российской академии наук»(ЮНЦ РАН)

***

Batiev L.V.Armenian Colony on the Don According to the Materials of «Topographical and Statistical Description of the Trading Town of Nakhchivan in 1807» by Baron Balthasar vonCampenhausen // Historical Reporter. 2024. Vol. 49 P. 74–107.

Abstract

The article, based on the archival source – the first full description of the Nakhchivan Armenian colony, compiled by the Governor of Taganrog, Baron Balthasar von Campenhausen – comprehensively examines the organization and activities of the town of Nakhchivan (on the Don) and its surrounding villages, founded in accordance with the charter of Catherine II by Armenians resettled from the Crimea in 1778-1779.

The author of the article, following the compiler of the «Description», analyzes the composition of the colony's population, its social and professional structure, the land supply of townspeople and settlers and the importance of land holdings for the city's budget. Information about the number and condition of the dwelling houses, stores, coffee houses, taverns, inns, as well as churches and other urban public buildings is given. Provided are the characteristics of the urban economy, water supply and its improvement. Therefor given a fairly complete picture of the life of the city. Baron's Balthasar von Campenhausen «Description» proves that not only trade (local and transit), but also crafts and industrial production (fish, tannery, brick, tile and other factories) were developed in Nakhchivan. In addition, the financial state of the city and the organization of its management are also considered.

Keywords:Inhabitants, Land, Buildings, Industry, Commerce, Government.

Levon V. Batiev— Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Political Science and Law at Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Federal Research Center Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (UNC RAS).

***

References

1. Avakov P.A. «I must inform your lordship about the villages...of Armenians who came out of the Crimea» [«O seleniyah… armyanskih, vyshedshih iz Kryma, Vashej svetlosti donest’ ya dolzhen» // Istoricheskij arhiv] // Historical Archive. 2018. № 6. С. 169—181.
2. Aradzhioni M.A. Formation of Armenian communities in Eastern Crimea (late XVIII — first half of XIX centuries) [Formirovanie armyanskih obshchin v Vostochnom Krymu (konec XVIII — pervaya polovina XIX vekа) // Issledovaniya po armenistike v Ukraine. Vyp.1] // Studies on Armenistics in Ukraine. Vol.1. Simferopol: PE «Enterprise Phoenix», 2008. С. 79—93.
3. Archive of the Raevskys [Arhiv Raevskih] / Ed. by P. M. Raevskiy; Ed. and notes by B. L. Modzalevsky. Т. 1—5. St. Petersburg: type. M. A. Alexandrov, 1908—1915. Т. 1 [Letters 1791—1829] / [Author. preface by P. Raevsky]. 1908. XV, [1], 574 p.
4. Barkhudaryan V.B. History of the Armenian Colony of New Nakhchivan (1779—1917) [Istoriya armyanskoj kolonii Novaya Nahichevan’ (1779– 1917)]. Yerevan: Hayastan, 1996. 528 с.
5. Batiev L.V. Twenty-four trustees of Nakhchivan-on-Don (from the history of one half-forgotten body) [Dvadcat’ chetyre popechitelya Nahichevani-na-Donu (iz istorii odnogo poluzabytogo organa) // Nauchnye vedomosti Belgorodskogo universiteta. Seriya: Istoriya. Politologiya] // Scientific Vedomosti of Belgorod University. Series: History. Politology. 2020. Т. 47. № 2. С. 318—326.
6. Batiev L.V., Minasyan E.G. Documents on the history of self-government of Nakhchivan-on-Don in the late 18th—mid 19th century from the National Archive of Armenia [Dokumenty po istorii samoupravleniya Nahichevani-na-Donu v konce XVIII — seredine XIX v. iz Nacional’nogo arhiva Armenii // Novoe proshloe] // New Past. 2019. № 2. С. 218—230.
7. Batiev L.V. Self-government of Nakhchivan-on-Don (1779 — early 1870s) [Samoupravlenie Nahichevani-na-Donu (1779 — nachalo 1870- gg.)]. Rostov-on-Don: Ed. UNC RAS, 2022. 302 c.
8. Bezborodko I.A. Voyage from St. Petersburg through Moscow, Voronezh, Novocherkassk, Georgievsk of the Caucasian province, to the mineral waters, hot and acidic and the return journey to Malorossiya 1812 from May 16 count Ilia Andreevich Bezborodko / Papers relating to the Patriotic War of 1812. Ч. 10 [Voyazh iz Peterburga chrez Moskvu, Voronezh, Novocherkassk, Georgievsk Kavkazskoj gubernii, k mineral’nym vodam, goryachim i kislym i obratnyj put’ v Malorossiyu 1812 goda s maya 16 chisla grafa Ilii Andreevicha Bezborodko / Bumagi, otnosyashchiesya do Otechestvennoj vojny 1812 goda. CH. 10]. M.: Partnership printing A.I. Mamontov, 1908. С. 1—22.
9. Bogdanyan A.M. From the Past. About the resettlement of Armenians from the Crimea [Iz proshlogo. O pereselenii armyan iz Kryma]/ 2nd ed. Rostov-on-Don: Rost. book publishing house, 1989. 16 с.
10. Vartanyan V.G., Kazarov S.S. Armenian Apostolic Church on the Don [Armyanskaya Apostol’skaya cerkov’ na Donu]. Rostov-on-Don: Russian State Pedagogical University, 2001. 148 с.
11. Gutri M. Letters about the Crimea, Odessa and the Sea of Azov [Pis’ma o Kryme, Odesse i Azovskom more]. Moscow: N.S. Vsevolozhsky publishing house, 1810. VIII, 293 p.
12. Kazarov S.S. Nakhchivan elite. End of XVIII — beginning of XX centuries [Nahichevanskaya elita. Konec XVIII — nachalo XX vekа]. Rostov-onDon; Taganrog: Ed. or Southern Federal University, 2021. 154 с.
13. Kazarov S.S. Nakhchivan merchant class. End of XVIII — beginning of XX century [Nahichevanskoe kupechestvo. Konec XVIII — nachalo XX veka]. Rostov-on-Don: Kovcheg, 2012. 144 с.
14. Kazarov S.S. Turkish coffee houses of Nakhchivan-on-Don as an element of everyday life of Don Armenians / Actual problems of social history and social work: a collection of scientific articles [Tureckie kofejni Nahichevani-na-Donu kak element povsednevnosti donskih armyan / Aktual’nye problemy social’noj istorii i social’noj raboty: sb. nauch. St.] / Edited by P.Y. Tsitkilov. Novocherkassk: Lik, 2017. С. 53—55.
15. Kelle-Shaginov I.M. My only life. Diaries and memories [Moya edinstvennaya zhizn’. Dnevniki i vospominaniya]. Rostov-on-Don: Old Russians, 2015. 320 c.
16. Konkin D.V. «This region is almost the only classical country that we possess»: A note by Baron B.B. Kampenhausen «on the antiquities of the Novorossiysk Territory» (1817) // Materials on archeology, history and ethnography of Tavria [ «Oblast’ siya est’ pochti edinstvennaya klassicheskaya  strana kakoyu my obladaem»: Zapiska barona B.B. Kampengauzena «o drevnostyah Novorossijskogo kraya» (1817 g.) // Materialy po arheologii, istorii i etnografii Tavrii]. 2021. Issue XXVI. С. 528—539.
17. Krasnyansky M.B. Notes of Academician Pallas 1793 in Rostov on Don and its environs / Notes of Rostov on Don Society of History, Antiquities and Nature [Electronic resource]. Т. 2. 1914. С. 203—207.
18. Krasnyansky M.B. Historical sketch of the cities of Rostov and Nakhchivan n-D. according to the data of the city museum in Rostov n-D. [Istoricheskij ocherk gg. Rostova i Nahichevana n-D. po dannym gorodskogo muzeya v g. Rostove n-D]/ Rostov and Nakhchivan n-D. on the data of the city museum in Rostov n-D. Rostov-on-Don: electrical printing house M.I. Guzman, [1911]. 35 с.
19. Makidonov A.V. Personal composition of the administrative apparatus of Novorossiya of the XVIII century [Personal’nyj sostav administrativnogo apparata Novorossii XVIII veka]. Zaporozhye: Prosvita, 2011. 336 с.
20. Ozeretskovsky N.Ya. Journey across Russia, 1782–1783: Diary [Puteshestvie po Rossii, 1782–1783: Dnevnik]. SPb.: Liki Rossii, 1996. С. 127–128.
21. Memorable book for Yekaterinoslav province for 1864 [Pamyatnaya knizhka dlya Ekaterinoslavskoj gubernii na 1864]. Yekaterinoslav: Printing house. Я. Chaussky, 1864. 323, 29, 26 c.
22. Memorable book of Taganrog city government for 1865 [Pamyatnaya knizhka Taganrogskogo gradonachal’stva na 1865 god]. Taganrog: Printing house. at the Chancellery of Taganrog city administration, 1865.
23. Pankiev O.S. Group formulary lists of officials of the Novorossiysk province for 1798 [Pankєєv O.S. Grupovі formulyarnі spiski chinovnictva Novorosіjs’koї gubernії za 1798 rіk. Zaporіzhzhya]. Zaporizhzhia, 2011. 126 p.
24. Patkanyan G. History of New Nakhchivan [Istoriya Novoj Nahichevani]. Nakhchivan-on-Don: Printing house of S.A. Avakov. 1917. 121 с. (in Armenian).
25. Revision tales of Crimean Armenians in 1782: a collection of documents [Revizskie skazki krymskih armyan 1782 goda: sbornik dokumentov]. Simferopol: SAU RK «Mediacenter named after I. Gasprinsky», 2019. 760 с.
26. Russian State Library. Department of manuscripts [Rossijskaya gosudarstvennaya biblioteka. Otdel rukopisej]. Ф. 68. Д. 232.
27. Russian biographical dictionary. Ibak  — Klyucharev [Russkij biograficheskij slovar’. Ibak — Klyucharev]. St. Petersburg: Printing house Main Directorate of Udelovs, 1897. 756 с.
28. Collection of statistical data on the Ekaterinoslav Province. Т. 1. Rostov on Don uyezd and Taganrog township [Sbornik statisticheskih svedenij po Ekaterinoslavskoj gubernii. T. 1. Rostovskij na Donu uezd i Taganrogskoe gradonachal’stvo]. Ekaterinoslav: Printed in the provincial printing house. 1884. III, VI, 319, IX, 76, 69, VI p.
29. Dahl’s Explanatory Dictionary [Tolkovyj slovar’ Dalya]. Izd. 3. Т. 2. SPb.-M.: Printing house. Partnership M.O. Wolf, 1905. 1017 с.
30. Filevskiy P.P. History of the city of Taganrog 1698—1898 [Istoriya goroda Taganroga 1698–1898]. M.: Printing house. K.O. Aleksandrov, 1898. 376 с.
31. Chalkhushyan G.H. History of the city of Rostov-on-Don. Historical note about the city of Rostov-on-Don. Chapter XV [Istoriya goroda Rostova-na-Donu. Istoricheskaya zapiska o gorode Rostove-na-Donu. Glava XV] [Electronic resource] URL: http://www.donvrem.dspl.ru/ Files/article/m1/22/art.aspx?art_id=802 (date of address: 10.07.2023.
32. Choriyan S.K. From church-parish school to the higher city school (the school of St. Sahak and Mesrop in Nakhchivani-na-Donu)  // Izvestiya vuzov. North Caucasian region. Social Sciences [Ot cerkovno-prihodskoj shkoly k vysshemu gorodskomu uchilishchu (uchilishche svyatyh Saaka i Mesropa v Nahichevani-na-Donu) // Izvestiya vuzov. Severo-Kavkazskij region. Obshchestvennye nauki]. 2021. № 3. С. 89—93.
33. Choriyan S.K. On the fate of the parochial school opened in 1811 in Nakhchivani-na-Donu parochial school / Actual problems of social history, philosophy and social work. Twenty-third All-Russian scientific readings. Theses of reports and messages of the scientifictheoretical conference. FGBOU VO «Don State Agrarian University», Novocherkassk Engineering and Reclamation Institute named after A.K. Kortunov [O sud’be otkrytogo v 1811 g. Nahichevani-na-Donu prihodskogo uchilishcha / Aktual’nye problemy social’noj istorii, filosofii i social’noj raboty. Dvadcat’ tret’i vserossijskie nauchnye chteniya. tezisy dokladov i soobshchenij nauchno-teoreticheskoj konferencii. FGBOU VO «Donskoj gosudarstvennyj agrarnyj universitet», Novocherkasskij inzhenerno-meliorativnyj institut imeni A.K. Kortunova]. Novocherkassk, 2022. С. 40—41.
34. Shakhaziz E. Historical Sketches. Translation by G.M. Grigoryan [Istoricheskie zarisovki. Per. G.M. Grigoryana]. Rostov-on-Don; Taganrog: Southern Federal University Publishing House, 2002. 184 с.
35. Shakhaziz E. Historical sketches [Istoricheskie zarisovki]. Tiflis: T.M. Rotinyan’s Printing House. 1903. 239 с. (in Armenian).
36. Shakhaziz E. New Nakhchivan and New Nakhchivans. Surb Khach Monastery of New Nakhchivan / Тranslated from Armenians Sh.M.  Shahinian [Novyj Nahichevan i novonahichevancy. Monastyr’ Surb Hach Novogo Nahichevana / Per. s armyan. SH.M. SHaginyana]. Rostov-on-Don: CJSC «Book», 2005. 240 с.
37. Shakhaziz E. Ter-Gabriel Patkanyants: biographical historical and ethnographic sketch in 12 chapters; Transl. from Armenian by G.M. Grigoryan [Ter-Gabriel Patkanyanc: biograficheskij istoriko-etnograficheskij ocherk v 12 glavah; Per. s armyanskogo G.M.  Grigoryana]. Rostov-on-Don; Taganrog: Southern Federal University Press, 2023. 112 с.
38. Encyclopedic Dictionary [Enciklopedicheskij slovar’]. Т. 24. Publishers F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron. St. Petersburg. Printing house of I.A. Efron. 1898. 474 с.
39. Encyclopedic Dictionary [Enciklopedicheskij slovar’]. Т. 31. Publishers F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron. St. Petersburg. Printing house of I.A. Efron. 1900. 475 с.